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Pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus complications: Metabolic events and control
by Ohiagu
F.,
Chikezie
P.,
Chikezie
C.
Summary: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder that is characterized by hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance, which is associated with impaired insulin secretion and peripheral sensitivity and eventual b-cell dysfunction. This review summarized the major metabolic pathways leading to both microvascular and macrovascular complications in DM, with a view of highlighting the enzymes involved and the possible inhibition of the enzymes facilitating these processes as a measure of diabetic control.
Antigen-presenting cell-derived extracellular vesicles in accelerating atherosclerosis
by Berezin
A.,
Berezin
A.
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a population of heterogeneous particles that originate from the endosomal system or plasma membrane. Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) produce and release a broad spectrum of EVs involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. APC-derived EVs contain several bioactive molecules, such as non-coding RNAs, cytokines, chemokines, active proteins, immunomodulatory factors, and growth factors. The review focuses on the role of APC-derived EVs in regulating the transformation of macrophage phenotype, shaping foam cells, driving autophagy and/or inhibiting apoptosis of Th4+ cells, T regulatory cells, endothelial and smooth muscle cells (SMCs), as well as in facilitating oxidative stress in vasculature. APC-derived EVs act as triggers of angiogenesis, neovascularization and inflammation through their participation in microvascular inflammation, angiogenesis, development of atherosclerotic plaques, and modulation of their instability.
Antioxidant and anti-Helicobacter pylori activities of Hericium erinaceus mycelium and culture filtrate
by Thi My Ngan
L.,
Thien Vi
N.,
Thi Mong Tham
D.,
Thi Thanh Loan
L.,
Thanh Ho
P.,
Trung Hieu
T.
Summary: Hericium erinaceus is known as a medicinal edible mushroom owing to its antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-tumor and immunomodulatory effects. Helicobacter pylori infection is one of the major health concerns worldwide due to its high rate in global populations, frequent recurrence, and rapid emergence of drug-resistant strains. The present study aims to investigate antioxidant anti-H. pylori and urease inhibitory activities of solvent fractions from H. erinaceus mycelium and culture filtrate.
Advantages of functional analysis in comparison of different chemometric techniques for selecting obesity-related genes of adipose tissue from high-fat diet-fed mice
by Dharmaraj
S.,
Mahadeva
R.,
Simbak
N.
Summary: Obesity is a lifestyle disease that is becoming prevalent nowadays and is associated with a surplus in energy balance related to lipid metabolism, inflammation and hypoxic condition, resulting in maladaptive adipose tissue expansion. This study used the publicly available gene dataset to identify a small subset of important genes for diagnostics or as potential targets for therapeutics.
Oxidative stress in osteomyelitis and burns: Specific features of its role in development of pathology
by Martusevich
A.,
Zagrekov
V.,
Belyaeva
K.,
Pushkin
A.,
Soloveva
A.
Summary: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the features of the initiation and development of oxidative stress in patients with osteomyelitis and burns.
The effect of regular aerobic activity on cortisol levels in female Wistar rats
by Ibrahimaj Gashi
A.,
Azemi
A.,
Zivkovic
V.,
Gontarev
S.,
Gjorgovski
I.
Summary: Physical inactivity has been identified as a major risk factor for global mortality, causing approximately 2 million deaths globally, whereas the physical activity of moderate intensity has significant benefits for health. Exposure to stress results in changes in the endocrine and autonomic nervous systems, as well as behavioral changes which allow an organism to adapt to environmental changes. This study aimed to assess changes in cortisol levels and body temperature in rats after forced swim tests.
The value of the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events and Gensini scores in predicting long-term outcomes in Vietnamese patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome
by Van Hoang
S.,
Minh Nguyen
K.,
Hoang Nguyen
A.,
Le Anh Huynh
K.,
Phuong Nguyen Tran
H.
Summary: Patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) should undergo risk stratification as soon as possible after their presentation. Early risk satisfaction provides good prognosis for patients as well as better decision for reperfusion therapy. The aim of this study is to find a correlation between the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) risk score and severity of coronay artery disease assessed by Gensini score score and compare the value of GRACE and Gensini scores in predicting the long-term outcomes in patients with NSTE-ACS.
Evaluating the effectiveness of using enoxaparin to prevent venous thromboembolism in hip replacement patients: A retrospective cohort study
by Thanh Toan
V.,
Dong Kha
T.,
Van Anh
B.
Summary: Our research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of thromboprophylaxis using enoxaparin in patients undergoing hip replacement.
Evaluation of renal cyst treatment using retroperitoneal laparoscopic decortication
by Ho
U.,
Dam
C.,
Le
N.
Summary: Renal cyst is a common disease of the renal parenchyma. The management options include percutaneous aspiration with or without sclerotherapy, open surgery, and laparoscopic decortication of renal cyst. Laparoscopic renal cyst decortication is a safe and effective alternative with a high success rate. This study aimed to evaluate renal cyst treatment by retroperitoneal laparoscopic decortication.
Effectiveness of elective single versus double frozen embryo transfer in good prognosis IVF patients
by Thanh
T.,
Huy
P.,
Linh
D.,
Loc
N.,
Duy
N.,
Vinh
D.,
Huyen
N.
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of elective single embryo transfer (eSET) versus double embryo transfer (DET) in frozen embryo transfer cycles following in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment in good prognosis patients. The outcome would provide medical data for the multiple pregnancy rate reduction in IVF treatment.
Effect of drug-induced pathomorphosis on oral cavity organs and tissues in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease combined with coronary heart disease: A clinical case
by Emelyanova
N.,
Komir
I.
Summary: This article describes a clinical case of a patient, as well as literature data confirming the direct mutual influence of lesions in the oral cavity and the bronchocardiac complex pathology. Special attention is paid to the side effects of the main drugs prescribed in the basic therapy of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, combined with coronary heart disease. It is noted that the drug-induced pathomorphosis can cause the development of periodontal lesions. Insufficient knowledge of these issues and the practical need for corrective measures to be taken by dentists with this category of patients warrant the relevance of research in this direction.
Concise review: The role of cancer-derived exosomes in tumorigenesis and immune cell modulation
by Thao Huynh
N.,
Duy Pham
K.,
Chau Truong
N.
Summary: Exosomes are subcellular entities which were first discovered in the 1980s. Over the past decade, scientists have discovered that they carry components of genetic information that allow for cell-cell communication and cell targeting. Exosomes secreted by cancer cells are termed cancer-derived exosomes (CDEs), and play an important role in tumor formation and progression. Specifically, CDEs mediate the communication between cancer cells, as well as between cancer cells and other cells in the tumor microenvironment, including cancer-associated fibroblasts, endothelial cells, mesenchymal stem cells, and effector immune cells. Additionally, through the vascular system and body fluids, CDEs can modulate response to drugs, increase angiogenesis, stimulate proliferation, promote invasion and metastasis, and facilitate escape from immune surveillance. This review will discuss the relationship between cancer cells and other cells (particularly immune cells), as mediated through CDEs, as well as the subsequent impact on tumorigenesis and immunomodulation. Understanding the role of CDEs in tumorigenesis and immune cell modulation will help advance their utilization in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of cancer.
Current strategies for adoptive immunotherapy for cancer: ”Off-the-shelf” immune cells
by Ngo Trong
H.,
Le Van Manh
H.,
Thanh Dang
V.,
Ho-Thao Nguyen
N.,
Vu Thanh
B.,
Pham
P.
Summary: Immunotherapy, especially immune cell-based therapy, is a strategy for cancer treatment that has over the past decades focused on novel modifications and targets. In recent years, adoptive cell immunotherapy has continuously evolved, with studies of different platforms utilizing different immune effector cells to kill a variety of cancer cells. This review summarizes the various kinds of immune cells which have been used in adoptive cell therapy (ACT), including natural killer cells, cytokine-induced killer cells, T cells, and engineered immune cells. Most reports have shown that ACT can induce tumor regression, both in animal studies and clinical trials. However, the high cost of ACT is the greatest disadvantage of this strategy. Moreover, the efficacy of treatment is variable among patients. To reduce these disadvantages, off-the-shelf immune cells are considered the best solution to reduce the cost while maintaining the efficacy of treatment. In this review, we will discuss the potential of various kinds of immune cells for development as ``off-the-shelf'' immune cells for use in adoptive cell therapy, based on their unique advantages.
A retrospective analysis of pyogenic liver abscess and antibiotic resistivity of common pathogens in Peshawar
by Bashir
N.,
Adnan Shereen
M.,
Kazmi
A.,
Sajid
M.,
Ullah
H.
Summary: Pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) is a rare but life-threatening disease, with a frequency ranging from 10.83 to 17.45 per 100,000 persons. The major cause of PLA is bacterial infection of liver parenchyma. The present research study was designed to investigate the common microbes causing PLA in Peshawar (Pakistan) and to evaluate a variety of the most capable and efficient antibiotics for treatment of PLA.
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Phuc Van Pham, Editor-in-Chief
Affiliation
Why publish with Biomedical Research and Therapy
ISSN: 2198-4093
DOI Prefix: 10.15419 (from Vol3, I11), 10.7603 (from Vol1, I1 to Vol3, I10)
Indexed: Web of Science (ESCI - Emerging Sources Citation Index, Clarivate Analytics)
Editor-in-Chief
Phuc Van Pham
University of Science, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam
Managing Editor
Lili Hami
University of Science, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam
Contact:
Editor-in-Chief: pvphuc@bmrat.org
Support Team: support@bmrat.org
Managing Editor: managingeditor@bmrat.org
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